Harmonic oscillator with time-dependent effective-mass and frequency with a possible application to 'chirped tidal' gravitational waves forces affecting interferometric detectors

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical model of a harmonic oscillator with time-dependent mass and frequency to analyze quantum effects, such as squeezing, in gravitational wave detectors affected by chirped tidal forces.

Contribution

It introduces a novel model for oscillators with time-dependent parameters to better understand quantum noise in gravitational wave interferometers under dynamic conditions.

Findings

Effective mass decreases over time, indicating pumping phenomena.

Gravitational wave intensity increase causes quantum squeezing.

Adiabatic approximation used to analyze quantum effects.

Abstract

The general theory of time-dependent frequency and time-dependent mass ('effective mass') is described.The general theory for time-dependent harmonic- oscillator is applied in the present research for studying certain quantum effects in the interferometers for detecting gravitational waves.When an astronomical binary system approaches its point of coalescence the gravitational wave intensity and frequency are increasing and this can lead to strong deviations from the simple description of harmonic-oscillations for the interferometric masses on which the mirrors are placed.It is shown that under such condtions the harmonic-oscillations of these masses can be described by mechanical harmonic-oscillators with time-dependent frequency and effective-mass. In the present theoretical model the effective-mass is decreasing with time describing pumping phenomena in which the oscillator amplitude is increasing with time . The quantization of this system is analyzed by the use of the adiabatic approximation. It is found that the increase of the gravitational wave intensity, within the adiabatic approximation, leads to squeezing phenomena where the quantum noise in one quadrature is increased and in the other quadrature is decreased.