Gravitational waves from fragmentation of a primordial scalar condensate into Q-balls

TL;DR

This paper discusses how the fragmentation of primordial scalar condensates into Q-balls in the early universe can generate gravitational waves detectable by future observatories, providing insights into high-energy physics and cosmology.

Contribution

It introduces the mechanism of gravitational wave production from Q-ball formation in supersymmetric models, linking early universe phenomena to observable signals.

Findings

Gravitational waves from Q-ball formation are within detection range of LISA, LIGO, and BBO.

Q-ball formation provides a probe of high-energy supersymmetric physics.

The model predicts specific gravitational wave signatures linked to early universe scalar dynamics.

Abstract

A generic consequence of supersymmetry is formation of a scalar condensate along the flat directions of the potential at the end of cosmological inflation. This condensate is usually unstable, and it can fragment into non-topological solitons, Q-balls. The gravitational waves produced by the fragmentation can be detected by Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), and Big Bang Observer (BBO), which can offer an important window on the early universe and the physics at some very high energy scales.