Fringe Tracker for the VLTI Spectro-Imager

TL;DR

This paper presents the design and implementation of a fringe tracker for the VLTI Spectro Imager, enabling high-resolution, stable interferometric imaging with multiple telescopes by compensating atmospheric disturbances.

Contribution

It introduces a scalable fringe tracker design for VSI that improves phase stability and is adaptable to different telescope configurations.

Findings

Designed a scalable fringe tracker for 4, 6, or 8 telescopes.

Achieves stable observations down to K=13 magnitude.

Enhances interferometric imaging resolution and efficiency.

Abstract

The implementation of the simultaneous combination of several telescopes (from four to eight) available at Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) will allow the new generation interferometric instrumentation to achieve interferometric image synthesis with unprecedented resolution and efficiency. The VLTI Spectro Imager (VSI) is the proposed second-generation near-infrared multi-beam instrument for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, featuring three band operations (J, H and K), high angular resolutions (down to 1.1 milliarcsecond) and high spectral resolutions. VSI will be equipped with its own internal Fringe Tracker (FT), which will measure and compensate the atmospheric perturbations to the relative beam phase, and in turn will provide stable and prolonged observing conditions down to the magnitude K=13 for the scientific combiner. In its baseline configuration, VSI FT is designed to implement, from the very start, the minimum redundancy combination in a nearest neighbor scheme of six telescopes over six baselines, thus offering better options for rejection of large intensity or phase fluctuations over each beam, due to the symmetric set-up. The planar geometry solution of the FT beam combiner is devised to be easily scalable either to four or eight telescopes, in accordance to the three phase development considered for VSI. The proposed design, based on minimum redundancy combination and bulk optics solution, is described in terms of opto-mechanical concept, performance and key operational aspects.