An extensive photometric study of the Blazhko RR Lyrae star MW Lyr: I. Light curve solution

TL;DR

This study provides an extensive, precise photometric analysis of the Blazhko RR Lyrae star MW Lyr, revealing new features of its modulation, including complex frequency components and stochastic signals, and introduces a new phenomenological model of its light curve variation.

Contribution

It offers the most detailed photometric data and analysis of MW Lyr, identifying previously unknown modulation features and proposing a new model separating amplitude and phase modulations.

Findings

Detected multiple modulation frequencies around the pulsation frequency.

Found residual signals indicating stochastic or chaotic pulsation behavior.

Established that the mean light curve does not match actual variations.

Abstract

We have obtained the most extensive and most accurate photometric data of a Blazhko variable MW Lyr during the 2006-2007 observing seasons. The data within each 0.05 phase bin of the modulation period (P_m=1/f_m) cover the entire light cycle of the primary pulsation period (P_0=1/f_0), making possible a very rigorous and complete analysis. The modulation period is found to be 16.5462 d, which is about half of that was reported earlier from visual observations. Previously unknown features of the modulation have been detected. Besides the main modulation frequency f_m, sidelobe modulation frequencies around the pulsation frequency and its harmonics appear at +/- 2 f_m, +/- 4 f_m, and +/- 12.5 f_m separations as well. Residual signals in the prewhitened light curve larger than the observational noise appear at the minimum-rising branch-maximum phase of the pulsation, which most probably arise from some stochastic/chaotic behaviour of the pulsation/modulation. The Fourier parameters of the mean light curve differ significantly from the averages of the Fourier parameters of the observed light curves in the different phases of the Blazhko cycle. Consequently, the mean light curve of MW Lyrae never matches its actual light variation. The Phi_21, Phi_31 phase differences in different phases of the modulation show unexpected stability during the Blazhko cycle. A new phenomenological description of the light curve variation is defined that separates the amplitude and phase (period) modulations utilising the phase coherency of the lower order Fourier phases.