Berry's phase in the multimode Peierls states
Tohru Kawarabayashi, Yoshiyuki Ono, Chiduru Watanabe

TL;DR
This paper demonstrates that Berry's phase can be used to characterize the multimode Peierls state, a proposed novel ground state for 2D electron-lattice systems, providing a new theoretical tool.
Contribution
It introduces the use of Berry's phase as a characterization method for the multimode Peierls state in 2D systems with electron-lattice interactions.
Findings
Berry's phase characterizes the multimode Peierls state
Provides a new theoretical approach for 2D electron-lattice systems
Enhances understanding of ground state properties
Abstract
It is shown that Berry's phase associated with the adiabatic change of local variables in the Hamiltonian can be used to characterize the multimode Peierls state, which has been proposed as a new type of the ground state of the two-dimensional(2D) systems with the electron-lattice interaction.
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