Bent-Double Radio Sources as Probes of Intergalactic Gas

TL;DR

This paper introduces a temperature-independent method using bent-double radio sources to measure intergalactic gas density, providing new insights into the gas environment in galaxy groups.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel technique for measuring intergalactic gas density using bent-double radio sources, independent of temperature, and applies it to different galaxy group environments.

Findings

Measured gas densities in two galaxy environments.

Placed an upper limit on intragroup gas temperature.

Demonstrated the method's effectiveness in different environments.

Abstract

As the most common environment in the universe, groups of galaxies are likely to contain a significant fraction of the missing baryons in the form of intergalactic gas. The density of this gas is an important factor in whether ram pressure stripping and strangulation affect the evolution of galaxies in these systems. We present a method for measuring the density of intergalactic gas using bent-double radio sources that is independent of temperature, making it complementary to current absorption line measurements. We use this method to probe intergalactic gas in two different environments: inside a small group of galaxies as well as outside of a larger group at a 2 Mpc radius and measure total gas densities of $4 \pm 1_{-2}^{+6} \times 10^{-3}$ and $9 \pm 3_{-5}^{+10} \times 10^{-4}$ per cubic centimeter (random and systematic errors) respectively. We use X-ray data to place an upper limit of $2 \times 10^6$ K on the temperature of the intragroup gas in the small group.