Lepton Masses in a Minimal Model with Triplet Higgs Bosons and $S_3$ Flavor Symmetry

TL;DR

This paper presents a minimal model with triplet Higgs bosons and $S_3$ flavor symmetry that explains lepton masses and mixings, predicts maximal atmospheric mixing, and explores phenomenological implications including collider signatures.

Contribution

It introduces a minimal $S_3$-symmetric model with triplet Higgs fields that naturally reproduces lepton mass hierarchies and mixing patterns, including $ heta_{23}$ and $ heta_{13}$ predictions.

Findings

Achieves hierarchical charged lepton masses.

Predicts maximal $ heta_{23}$ and zero $ heta_{13}$ in neutrino mixing.

Provides phenomenological predictions for $ heta_{13}$ and $J_{CP}$.

Abstract

Viable neutrino and charged lepton masses and mixings are obtained by imposing a $S_3 \times Z_4 \times Z_3$ flavor symmetry in a model with a few additional Higgs. We use two $SU(2)_L$ triplet Higgs which are arranged as a doublet of $S_3$, and standard model singlet Higgs which are also put as doublets of $S_3$. We break the $S_3$ symmetry in this minimal model by giving vacuum expectation values (VEV) to the additional Higgs fields. Dictated by the minimum condition for the scalar potential, we obtain certain VEV alignments which allow us to maintain $\mu-\tau$ symmetry in the neutrino sector, while breaking it maximally for the charged leptons. This helps us to simultaneously explain the hierarchical charged lepton masses, and the neutrino masses and mixings. In particular, we obtain maximal $\theta_{23}$ and zero $\theta_{13}$. We allow for a mild breaking of the $\mu-\tau$ symmetry for the neutrinos and study the phenomenology. We give predictions for $\theta_{13}$ and the CP violating Jarlskog invariant $J_{CP}$, as a function of the $\mu-\tau$ symmetry breaking parameter. We also discuss possible collider signatures and phenomenology associated with lepton flavor violating processes.