Imaging method for interface rheological characterization

TL;DR

This study uses high-speed imaging and harmonic analysis to investigate the oscillation behavior of oil drops in water, revealing insights into interface rheology and mode coupling effects.

Contribution

It introduces a method combining shadowgraph imaging and spherical harmonic analysis to characterize interface rheology through drop oscillations.

Findings

Frequency matches theoretical predictions for pure heptane drops.

Damping rate is underestimated by theory, indicating additional effects.

Mode coupling transfers energy, affecting damping behavior.

Abstract

The present work investigates free damped oscillations of an oil drop in water after its release from a capillary tube. Both pure heptane drops and diluted crude oil drops are considered (in the second case the interface is covered by amphiphilic species, natural components of crude oil). Shadowgraph images of the drops are taken by means of a high speed camera and the drop contour is detected by image processing. The axisymmetric drop shape is then decomposed into spherical harmonics, which constitute the eigenmodes of oscillations predicted by the Rayleigh-Lamb theory. Time evolution of each mode is then obtained. The frequency and the damping rate of the principal mode (n=2) are accurately determined and compared with theoretical values for an immobile clean drop oscillating around spherical shape. For pure heptane drops, theoretical value of the frequency agrees well with experiments whereas the damping rate is significantly underestimated by theory. The experimental results clearly show that the different modes are coupled. Energy is thus transfered from mode n=2 to n=3, which probably explains the observed enhancement of the damping rate. The effect of the interface viscoelastic behaviour, induced by adsorbed amphiphilic species on the free oscillations was examined. No significant effect was observed in the experiments conditions (small amplitude oscillations and moderate aging).