Trionic and quartetting phases in one-dimensional multicomponent ultracold fermions

TL;DR

This paper explores the emergence of molecular condensate phases, such as trionic and quartetting states, in one-dimensional multicomponent ultracold fermionic systems with attractive interactions, using theoretical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence and robustness of N-fermion bound-state superfluid phases in a simple 1D model, extending understanding of multicomponent fermionic condensates.

Findings

Trionic (N=3) and quartetting (N=4) phases exist in the phase diagram.

These phases are robust against small symmetry-breaking perturbations.

A quasi-long-range molecular superfluid phase forms at low density.

Abstract

We investigate the possible formation of a molecular condensate, which might be, for instance, the analogue of the alpha condensate of nuclear physics, in the context of multicomponent cold atoms fermionic systems. A simple paradigmatic model of N-component fermions with contact interactions loaded into a one-dimensional optical lattice is studied by means of low-energy and numerical approaches. For attractive interaction, a quasi-long-range molecular superfluid phase, formed from bound-states made of N fermions, emerges at low density. We show that trionic and quartetting phases, respectively for N=3,4, extend in a large domain of the phase diagram and are robust against small symmetry-breaking perturbations.