Pre-Seismic Electrical Signals (SES) generation and their relation to the lithospheric tidal oscillations K2, S2, M1 (T = 12hours / 14 days)

TL;DR

This paper explores the generation of preseismic electric signals (SES) through piezoelectric effects in rocks, linking these signals to tidal oscillations and discussing their potential for short-term earthquake prediction.

Contribution

It introduces a model connecting SES generation to lithospheric tidal oscillations and provides empirical examples of SES signals related to specific tidal components.

Findings

SES signals are generated by piezoelectric effects during rock fracturing.

SES signals are correlated with lithospheric tidal stress maxima and minima.

Potential application of SES in short-term earthquake prediction.

Abstract

It is postulated that the preseismic electric signals (SES) are generated by the piezoelectric mechanism applied on small rock grains - blocks during their stress load until fracturing. Specifically, the square electric train pulses are generated by the combination of a stress increase phase which generates a positive piezostimulated polarized current pulse (PSPC) followed, in a short time, by the stress decrease phase at fracturing level which generates a negative piezostimulated depolarized current pulse (PSDC). Moreover, it is shown that the SES signals are closely related to the tidally triggered lithospheric stress maxima - minima. Examples of SES signals are presented in relation to the tidally triggered lithospheric oscillation (k2, S2, M1) of T = 12hours / 14 days, while some comments are made as far as it concerns their use in short-term earthquake prediction.