Effect of the Bloch-Siegert Shift on the Frequency Responses of Rabi Oscillations in the Case of Nutation Resonance

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the Bloch-Siegert shift influences Rabi oscillations in a two-level spin system under double resonance, revealing frequency shifts and amplitude asymmetries crucial for quantum computing applications.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical and experimental analysis of the Bloch-Siegert shift effects on Rabi oscillations in dressed spin states under bichromatic radiation.

Findings

Rabi oscillations are accompanied by higher-frequency signals at nω_rf ± ε.

The Bloch-Siegert shift causes a frequency shift depending on detuning sign.

Oscillation amplitudes become asymmetric at double resonance.

Abstract

The dynamics of a two-level spin system dressed by bichromatic radiation is studied under the conditions of double resonance when the frequency of one (microwave) field is equal to the Larmor frequency of the spin system and the frequency of the other (radio-frequency) field \omega_{rf} is close to the Rabi frequency \omega_{1} in a micro-wave field. It is shown theoretically that Rabi oscillations between dressed-spin states with the frequency \epsilon are accompanied by higher-frequency oscillations at frequencies n\omega_{rf} and n\omega_{rf}\pm \epsilon, where n = 1, 2, .... The most intense among these are the signals corresponding to n = 1. The counter-rotating (antiresonance) components of the RF field give rise to a shift of the dressed-state energy, i.e., to a frequency shift similar to the Bloch-Siegert shift. In particular, this shift is manifested as the dependence of the Rabi-oscillation frequency \epsilon on the sign of the detuning \omega{1} -\omega{rf} from resonance. In the case of double resonance, the oscillation amplitude is asymmetric; i.e., the amplitude at the sum frequency \omega_{rf} +\epsilon increases, while the amplitude at the difference frequency \omega_{rf} -\epsilon decreases. The predicted effects are confirmed by observations of the nutation signals of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of centers in quartz and should be taken into account to realize qubits with a low Rabi frequency in solids.