Eight-quark interactions as a chiral thermometer

TL;DR

This paper extends the NJL model with six and eight-quark interactions to study temperature effects, showing that these interactions can significantly lower the transition temperature and influence the nature of the chiral phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces an extended NJL model with higher-order quark interactions to analyze temperature-dependent chiral symmetry restoration, aligning with recent lattice results.

Findings

Transition temperature can be reduced compared to standard models.

Mesonic spectra undergo rapid crossover regulated by eight-quark interactions.

Sigma meson mass decreases with increased OZI violating eight-quark interactions.

Abstract

A NJL Lagrangian extended to six and eight quark interactions is applied to study temperature effects (SU(3) flavor limit, massless case), and (realistic massive case). The transition temperature can be considerably reduced as compared to the standard approach, in accordance with recent lattice calculations. The mesonic spectra built on the spontaneously broken vacuum induced by the 't Hooft interaction strength, as opposed to the commonly considered case driven by the four-quark coupling, undergoes a rapid crossover to the unbroken phase, with a slope and at a temperature which is regulated by the strength of the OZI violating eight-quark interactions. This strength can be adjusted in consonance with the four-quark coupling and leaves the spectra unchanged, except for the sigma meson mass, which decreases. A first order transition behavior is also a possible solution within the present approach.