Absorption of phi mesons in near-threshold proton-nucleus reactions

TL;DR

This study models phi meson production in proton-nucleus collisions near threshold energies, highlighting the importance of secondary pion-nucleon channels and the potential to determine in-medium phi width from A-dependence measurements.

Contribution

It introduces a nuclear spectral function approach to analyze phi meson production, emphasizing the role of secondary channels and the sensitivity of A-dependence to in-medium width.

Findings

Pion-nucleon production significantly contributes to phi creation in heavy nuclei.

The ratio of cross sections has a weak effect on A-dependence at current energies.

The A-dependence is sensitive to the phi in-medium width, aiding its determination.

Abstract

In the framework of the nuclear spectral function approach for incoherent primary proton--nucleon and secondary pion--nucleon production processes we study the inclusive $\phi$ meson production in the interaction of 2.83 GeV protons with nuclei. In particular, the A-dependences of the absolute and relative $\phi$ meson yields are investigated within the different scenarios for its in-medium width as well as for the cross section ratio $\sigma_{pn \to pn{\phi}}/{\sigma_{pp \to pp{\phi}}}$. Our model calculations take into account the acceptance window of the ANKE facility used in a recent experiment performed at COSY. They show that the pion--nucleon production channel contributes distinctly to the $\phi$ creation in heavy nuclei in the chosen kinematics and, hence, has to be taken into consideration on close examination of the dependences of the phi meson yields on the target mass number with the aim to get information on its width in the medium. They also demonstrate that the experimentally unknown ratio $\sigma_{pn \to pn{\phi}}/{\sigma_{pp \to pp{\phi}}}$ has a weak effect on the A-dependence of the relative $\phi$ meson production cross section at incident energy of present interest, whereas it is found to be appreciably sensitive to the phi in-medium width, which means that this relative observable can indeed be useful to help determine the above width from the direct comparison the results of our calculations with the future data from the respective ANKE-at-COSY experiment.