Oscillating universe with quintom matter

TL;DR

This paper explores various models of oscillating universes using quintom matter within a 4D cosmological framework, identifying five distinct solution types with different scale factor behaviors over cycles.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the quintom matter model, revealing five unique oscillating universe solutions with different scale factor dynamics.

Findings

Identified five types of oscillating universe solutions.

Demonstrated models with increasing or decreasing scale factors.

Showed cyclic universes with stable or evolving amplitudes.

Abstract

In this paper, we study the possibility of building a model of the oscillating universe with quintom matter in the framework of 4-dimensional Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background. Taking the two-scalar-field quintom model as an example, we find in the model parameter space there are five different types of solutions which correspond to: (I) a cyclic universe with the minimal and maximal values of the scale factor remaining the same in every cycle, (II) an oscillating universe with its minimal and maximal values of the scale factor increasing cycle by cycle, (III) an oscillating universe with its minimal and maximal values of the scale factor decreasing cycle by cycle, (IV) an oscillating universe with its scale factor always increasing, and (V) an oscillating universe with its scale factor always decreasing.