Rabi switch of condensate wavefunctions in a multicomponent Bose gas

TL;DR

This paper introduces a protocol called the Rabi switch that enables complete transfer of wavefunctions, including solitons and vortices, between components of a multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensate using a time-dependent coupling.

Contribution

It proposes a novel Rabi switch method for transferring wavefunctions in multicomponent BECs, achieving 100% efficiency under specific interaction conditions.

Findings

Rabi switch achieves 100% transfer efficiency when intra- and inter-species interactions are equal.

The method can transfer stationary states, solitons, vortices, and vortex lattices.

Efficiency depends on interaction strengths and external potentials, analyzed in 1D and 2D.

Abstract

Using a time-dependent linear (Rabi) coupling between the components of a weakly interacting multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), we propose a protocol for transferring the wavefunction of one component to the other. This "Rabi switch" can be generated in a binary BEC mixture by an electromagnetic field between the two components, typically two hyperfine states. When the wavefunction to be transfered is - at a given time - a stationary state of the multicomponent Hamiltonian, then, after a time delay (depending on the Rabi frequency), it is possible to have the same wavefunction on the other condensate. The Rabi switch can be used to transfer also moving bright matter-wave solitons, as well as vortices and vortex lattices in two-dimensional condensates. The efficiency of the proposed switch is shown to be 100% when inter-species and intra-species interaction strengths are equal. The deviations from equal interaction strengths are analyzed within a two-mode model and the dependence of the efficiency on the interaction strengths and on the presence of external potentials is examined in both 1D and 2D settings.