Vector Bosons in Strong Fields

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of charged vector bosons in strong Coulomb fields, showing that smearing the charge prevents fall to the center and that vacuum polarization stabilizes the system, with implications for gauge theories.

Contribution

It demonstrates how finite charge distribution and vacuum polarization effects stabilize vector bosons in strong fields, addressing fall phenomena and charge density peculiarities.

Findings

Smearing Coulomb charge creates bound states inside the charge volume.

Vacuum polarization suppresses fall on the Coulomb center.

Charge density of vector bosons can have an unusual sign.

Abstract

The Coulomb problem for charged massive vector bosons is known to be unstable, the boson falls on the Coulomb center. It is shown that when the charge of the Coulomb center is smeared over a small but finite volume, then instead of the fall there appears a large series of bound states localized inside the volume containing the Coulomb charge. It is shown also that the fall on the Coulomb center is completely suppressed, when the conventional QED vacuum polarization is taken into account.In gauge theories (SU(2), Standard Model) the renormalizability of a theory may be insufficient to guarantee an absence of the wave function collapse. Another interesting feature: the density of charge of vector bosons can have a ``wrong'' sign.