Displacement-noise-free gravitational-wave detection with a single Fabry-Perot cavity: a toy model

TL;DR

This paper presents a simplified model of a gravitational-wave detector using a detuned Fabry-Perot cavity that can partially eliminate mirror displacement noise, enhancing low-frequency GW detection capabilities.

Contribution

It introduces a novel toy model employing a detuned Fabry-Perot cavity pumped through both mirrors to reduce displacement noise from test masses in GW detection.

Findings

Mirror displacement noise can be eliminated in the model.

The GW signal is isolated via a linear combination of cavity outputs.

Low-frequency response exceeds previous displacement-noise-free interferometers.

Abstract

We propose a detuned Fabry-Perot cavity, pumped through both the mirrors, as \textit{a toy model} of the gravitational-wave (GW) detector partially free from displacement noise of the test masses. It is demonstrated that the noise of cavity mirrors can be eliminated, but the one of lasers and detectors cannot. The isolation of the GW signal from displacement noise of the mirrors is achieved in a proper linear combination of the cavity output signals. The construction of such a linear combination is possible due to the difference between the reflected and transmitted output signals of detuned cavity. We demonstrate that in low-frequency region the obtained displacement-noise-free response signal is much stronger than the $f^3_{\textrm{gw}}$-limited sensitivity of displacement-noise-free interferometers recently proposed by S. Kawamura and Y. Chen. However, the loss of the resonant gain in the noise cancelation procedure results is the sensitivity limitation of our toy model by displacement noise of lasers and detectors.