Bose-Einstein Condensation of Gases in the Frame of Quantum Electrodynamics: Interconnection of Constituents

TL;DR

This paper models Bose-Einstein condensates as states formed by virtual photon exchange within quantum electrodynamics, linking microscopic interactions to macroscopic quantum phenomena and suggesting experimental avenues for further investigation.

Contribution

It introduces a QED-based framework for understanding BEC formation, incorporating virtual photon exchange and nonlinear potentials in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.

Findings

Interactions lead to a QED structure of the nonlinear potential.

Thermal momenta are linked to near-field effects, consistent with observations.

Stimulating BEC formation via resonant irradiation is theoretically possible.

Abstract

Bose-Einstein condensate of rarified atomic gases is considered as the state formed by exchange of virtual photons, resonant to the lowest levels of atoms; such representation corresponds to the Einstein opinion about an inter-influence of condensable particles. Considered interactions directly lead to the QED structure of nonlinear potential in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Linear momenta that correspond to the thermal energy of condensable atoms are connected to near field of particles and therefore leave atoms immovable. The estimations of these effects do not contradict the observed data; the general quantum principles predict possibility of stimulating of BEC formation by resonant irradiation. All this requires the spectroscopic investigation of BEC on different steps of formation.