Ising spin glass under continuous-distribution random magnetic fields: Tricritical points and instability lines

TL;DR

This paper investigates the phase behavior of an infinite-range Ising spin-glass model under a continuous double Gaussian random magnetic field, revealing tricritical points and instability lines, with implications for real systems.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of spin-glass behavior with a continuous-distribution random field, identifying multiple tricritical points and their stability conditions.

Findings

Identification of multiple tricritical points in the phase diagram.

Verification of Almeida-Thouless instability at low temperatures.

Analytical condition for the occurrence of the higher-temperature tricritical point.

Abstract

The effects of random magnetic fields are considered in an Ising spin-glass model defined in the limit of infinite-range interactions. The probability distribution for the random magnetic fields is a double Gaussian, which consists of two Gaussian distributions centered respectively, at $+H_{0}$ and $-H_{0}$, presenting the same width $\sigma$. It is argued that such a distribution is more appropriate for a theoretical description of real systems than its simpler particular two well-known limits, namely the single Gaussian distribution ($\sigma \gg H_{0}$), and the bimodal one ($\sigma = 0$). The model is investigated by means of the replica method, and phase diagrams are obtained within the replica-symmetric solution. Critical frontiers exhibiting tricritical points occur for different values of $\sigma$, with the possibility of two tricritical points along the same critical frontier. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such a behavior is verified for a spin-glass model in the presence of a continuous-distribution random field, which represents a typical situation of a real system. The stability of the replica-symmetric solution is analyzed, and the usual Almeida-Thouless instability is verified for low temperatures. It is verified that, the higher-temperature tricritical point always appears in the region of stability of the replica-symmetric solution; a condition involving the parameters $H_{0}$ and $\sigma$, for the occurrence of this tricritical point only, is obtained analytically. Some of our results are discussed in view of experimental measurements available in the literature.