Signatures of Strong Correlations in One-Dimensional Ultra-Cold Atomic Fermi Gases

TL;DR

This paper explores how noise correlations in density fluctuations can distinguish between different strongly correlated regimes in one-dimensional ultra-cold atomic Fermi gases, aiding experimental identification of these phases.

Contribution

It introduces noise correlations as a robust observable to differentiate spin-coherent and spin-incoherent Luttinger liquids in trapped atomic gases.

Findings

Noise correlations effectively distinguish between Luttinger liquid regimes.

Identification of experimental signatures for spin-incoherent and spin-coherent phases.

Feasibility analysis for realizing these phenomena with optical lattices.

Abstract

Recent success in manipulating ultra-cold atomic systems allows to probe different strongly correlated regimes in one-dimension. Regimes such as the (spin-coherent) Luttinger liquid and the spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid can be realized by tuning the inter-atomic interaction strength and trap parameters. We identify the noise correlations of density fluctuations as a robust observable (uniquely suitable in the context of trapped atomic gases) to discriminate between these two regimes. Finally, we address the prospects to realize and probe these phenomena experimentally using optical lattices.