On the maximum size of a $(k,l)$-sum-free subset of an abelian group

TL;DR

This paper determines the maximum size of (3,1)-sum-free subsets in cyclic groups and extends existing results on (k,l)-sum-free sets in finite abelian groups by removing previous restrictions.

Contribution

It provides the exact value of mbda_{3,1}(Z_n) and generalizes prior work on (k,l)-sum-free sets by relaxing coprimality conditions.

Findings

Calculated mbda_{3,1}(Z_n) explicitly.

Extended results on (k,l)-sum-free sets beyond coprimality assumptions.

Unified understanding of sum-free subsets in finite abelian groups.

Abstract

A subset $A$ of a given finite abelian group $G$ is called $(k,l)$-sum-free if the sum of $k$ (not necessarily distinct) elements of $A$ does not equal the sum of $l$ (not necessarily distinct) elements of $A$. We are interested in finding the maximum size $\lambda_{k,l}(G)$ of a $(k,l)$-sum-free subset in $G$. A $(2,1)$-sum-free set is simply called a sum-free set. The maximum size of a sum-free set in the cyclic group $\mathbb{Z}_n$ was found almost forty years ago by Diamanda and Yap; the general case for arbitrary finite abelian groups was recently settled by Green and Ruzsa. Here we find the value of $\lambda_{3,1}(\mathbb{Z}_n)$. More generally, a recent paper of Hamidoune and Plagne examines $(k,l)$-sum-free sets in $G$ when $k-l$ and the order of $G$ are relatively prime; we extend their results to see what happens without this assumption.