Stabilization of dipole solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

TL;DR

This paper investigates methods to stabilize dipole solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media, focusing on the effects of sample geometry and nonlinear response saturation to achieve dynamic stability.

Contribution

It introduces two approaches—geometry manipulation and nonlinear saturation—to stabilize dipole solitons in thermal and saturable nonlocal media.

Findings

Rectangular geometries enable stable dipole solitons in thermal media.

Saturable nonlocal responses stabilize dipoles at high input powers.

Sample shape and nonlinear saturation critically influence soliton stability.

Abstract

We address the stabilization of dipole solitons in nonlocal nonlinear materials by two different approaches. First, we study the properties of such solitons in thermal nonlinear media, where the refractive index landscapes induced by laser beams strongly depend on the boundary conditions and on the sample geometry. We show how the sample geometry impacts the stability of higher-order solitons in thermal nonlinear media and reveal that dipole solitons can be made dynami-cally stable in rectangular geometries in contrast to their counterparts in thermal samples with square cross-section. Second, we discuss the impact of the saturation of the nonlocal nonlinear response on the properties of multipole solitons. We find that the saturable response also stabi-lizes dipole solitons even in symmetric geometries, provided that the input power exceeds a criti-cal value.