Particle multiplicities and particle ratios in excluded volume model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a thermodynamically consistent excluded-volume model for multi-component hadron gases that accurately describes particle multiplicities and ratios across a wide energy range from AGS to RHIC, aligning well with experimental data.

Contribution

It presents a novel excluded-volume model that incorporates interactions in a multi-component hadron gas, providing a unified description of particle production in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Model closely matches experimental multiplicities across energies.

Particle ratios predicted by the model agree with observed data.

Freeze-out volume appears consistent for all particles.

Abstract

One of the most surprising results is to find that a consistent description of all the experimental results on particle multiplicities and particle ratios obtained from the lowest AGS to the highest RHIC energies is possible within the framework of a thermal statistical model. We propose here a thermodynamically consistent excluded-volume model involving an interacting multi-component hadron gas. We find that the energy dependence of the total multiplicities of strange and non-strange hadrons obtained in this model agrees closely with the experimental results. It indicates that the freeze out volume of the fireball is uniformly the same for all the particles. We have also compared the variation of the particle ratios such as $<K^{+}>/<\pi^{+}>, < K^{-}>/<\pi^{-}>, K^{-}/K^{+}, \bar{p}/p, \bar{\Lambda}/\Lambda, \bar{\Xi}/\Xi, \bar{\Omega}/\Omega, < \Lambda>/<\pi>, <\Xi^{-}>/<\pi>, <\Omega+\bar{\Omega}>/<\pi>$ and $<\Phi>/<\pi>$ with respect to the center-of-mass energy as predicted by our model with the recent experimental data.