Soft Dynamics simulation: normal approach of deformable particles in a viscous fluid

TL;DR

This paper introduces Soft Dynamics, a novel simulation method for modeling the complex interactions of deformable particles in viscous fluids, capturing elastic and viscous forces across different regimes.

Contribution

The paper presents a new discrete numerical method, Soft Dynamics, that accurately simulates the combined elastic and viscous behaviors of soft particles in fluids, bridging multiple physical limits.

Findings

Recovered expected scaling behaviors in three limits

Validated the method with two-particle approach simulations

Showed potential for large-scale complex material simulations

Abstract

Discrete simulation methods are efficient tools to investigate the complex behaviors of complex fluids made of either dry granular materials or dilute suspensions. By contrast, materials made of soft and/or concentrated units (emulsions, foams, vesicles, dense suspensions) can exhibit both significant elastic particle deflections (Hertz-like response) and strong viscous forces (squeezed liquid). We point out that the gap between two particles is then not determined solely by the positions of their centers, but rather exhibits its own dynamics. We provide a new discrete numerical method, named Soft Dynamics, to simulate the combined dynamics of particles and contacts. As an illustration, we present the results for the approach of two particles. We recover the scaling behaviors expected in three limits: the Stokes limit for very large gaps, the Poiseuille-lubricated limit for small gaps and even smaller surface deflections, and the Hertz limit for significant surface deflections. Larger scale simulations with this new method are a promising tool for investigating the collective behaviors of many complex materials.