Properties of $J/\psi$ at $T_c$: QCD second-order Stark effect

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the properties of the $J/c$ particle change near the critical temperature $T_c$ using lattice QCD data, revealing abrupt shifts in mass and width associated with the QCD phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a novel calculation of the $J/c$ mass shift and width broadening near $T_c$ based on the second-order Stark effect and lattice QCD results.

Findings

Mass of $J/c$ decreases by about 100 MeV at 1.05 $T_c$

Width of $J/c$ increases by approximately 100 MeV

Electric condensate shows an abrupt increase above $T_c$

Abstract

Starting from the temperature dependence of the energy density and pressure from lattice QCD calculation, we extract the temperature dependence of the electric and magnetic condensate near $T_c$. While the magnetic condensate hardly changes across $T_c$, we find that the electric condensate increases abruptly above $T_c$. This induces a small but an equally abrupt decrease in the mass of $J/\psi$, can be calculated through the second-order Stark effect. Combining the present result with the previously determined QCD sum rule constraint, we extract the thermal width of $J/\psi$ above $T_c$, which also increases fast. These changes can be identified as the critical behavior of $J/\psi$ across $T_c$ associated with the phase transition. We find that the mass shift and with broadening of $J/\psi$ at 1.05 $T_c$ will be around -100 MeV and 100 MeV respectively.