Geometry of quantum correlations

TL;DR

This paper establishes hyperbolic inequalities that characterize quantum correlation vectors for two binary measurements, revealing geometric structures and constraints relevant for testing quantum mechanics and generalizing to multiple sites.

Contribution

It introduces quadric inequalities that precisely describe the geometry of quantum correlations and relates them to CHSH violations, providing new constraints and testing methods.

Findings

Quantum correlation vectors satisfy specific hyperbolic inequalities.

Q is contained within a hyperbolic cube bounded by non-local boxes.

Derived tight constraints on local box proportions in quantum correlations.

Abstract

Consider the set Q of quantum correlation vectors for two observers, each with two possible binary measurements. Quadric (hyperbolic) inequalities which are satisfied by every vector in Q are proved, and equality holds on a two dimensional manifold consisting of the local boxes, and all the quantum correlation vectors that maximally violate the Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt (CHSH) inequality. The quadric inequalities are tightly related to CHSH, they are their iterated versions (equation 20). Consequently, it is proved that Q is contained in a hyperbolic cube whose axes lie along the non-local (Popescu, Rohrlich) boxes. As an application, a tight constraint on the rate of local boxes that must be present in every quantum correlation is derived. The inequalities allow testing the validity of quantum mechanics on the basis of data available from experiments which test the violation of CHSH. It is noted how these results can be generalized to the case of n sites, each with two possible binary measurements.