Lagrangian and Hamiltonian two-scale reduction

TL;DR

This paper develops a general framework for deriving macroscopic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian models from microscopic Hamiltonian systems with microstructure, using two-scale transformations and model reduction techniques.

Contribution

It introduces a universal approach to reduce high-dimensional Hamiltonian systems to effective macroscopic models via a two-scale transformation and consistent expansion principles.

Findings

Derived reduced PDE models for atomic chains

Connected long wavelength motion to microstructure modulation

Established a general method applicable to Hamiltonian lattices

Abstract

Studying high-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with microstructure, it is an important and challenging problem to identify reduced macroscopic models that describe some effective dynamics on large spatial and temporal scales. This paper concerns the question how reasonable macroscopic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian structures can by derived from the microscopic system. In the first part we develop a general approach to this problem by considering non-canonical Hamiltonian structures on the tangent bundle. This approach can be applied to all Hamiltonian lattices (or Hamiltonian PDEs) and involves three building blocks: (i) the embedding of the microscopic system, (ii) an invertible two-scale transformation that encodes the underlying scaling of space and time, (iii) an elementary model reduction that is based on a Principle of Consistent Expansions. In the second part we exemplify the reduction approach and derive various reduced PDE models for the atomic chain. The reduced equations are either related to long wave-length motion or describe the macroscopic modulation of an oscillatory microstructure.