Multifluid Models for Cyclic Cosmology

TL;DR

This paper develops a multifluid cosmological model inspired by superfluidity, proposing a five-fluid system that aligns with brane-world cyclic models and could be distinguished with future observations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel five-fluid multifluid model for cyclic cosmology inspired by superfluidity, extending previous two-fluid approaches and linking to brane-world scenarios.

Findings

A three-superfluid model is insufficient for cyclic cosmology.

A five-fluid model can replicate brane-world cyclic models.

Future data may distinguish these models from alternative theories.

Abstract

Inspired by the Landau two-fluid model of superfluidity, we consider a similar multifluid description for cosmology where two normal fluids occur for matter and radiation respectively. For cyclic cosmology, two dark energy superfluid components turn out to be insufficient but three superfluids can lead to a sensible five-fluid model which in a certain limit becomes indistinguishable from the brane-world cyclic model proposed earlier (Baum and Frampton). Distinguishing more general five-fluid models from brane-world models for cyclic cosmology could be feasible with more accurate observational data.