Generation Symmetry and E_6 Unification

TL;DR

This paper explores a grand unification model combining E_6 with generation symmetry SO(3)_g, explaining fermion hierarchies, mixings, and CP violation, and predicts specific neutrino mass hierarchies and low TeV-scale right-handed neutrinos.

Contribution

It introduces a novel unification model linking E_6 and SO(3)_g, with scalar fields determining fermion properties and making testable neutrino mass predictions.

Findings

Reproduces all known fermion properties with few parameters

Predicts an inverted neutrino mass hierarchy

Suggests two lightest right-handed neutrinos are in the low TeV range

Abstract

The group E_6 for grand unification is combined with the generation symmetry group SO(3)_g. The coupling matrices in the Yukawa interaction are identified with the vacuum expectation values of scalar fields which are representations of the generation symmetry. These values determine the hierarchy of the fermions as well as their mixings and CP-violation. This generation mixing appears in conjunction with the mixing of the standard model fermions with the heavy fermions present in the lowest representation of E_6. A close connection between charged and neutral fermions is observed relating for instance the CKM mixings with the mass splittings of the light neutrinos. Numerical fits with only few parameters reproduce quantitatively all known fermion properties. The model predicts an inverted neutrino hierarchy and gives rather strict values for the light and heavy neutrino masses as well as for the 0\nu 2\beta decay parameter. It also predicts that the masses of the two lightest of six `right handed' neutrinos lie in the low TeV region.