Familon Model of Dark Matter

TL;DR

This paper proposes a familon-based model of dark matter involving phase transitions and fractal fluctuations, linking the formation of dark matter structures to preon condensates and multiple particle generations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel familon model of dark matter that incorporates phase transitions, fractal fluctuations, and multiple generations of particles to explain dark matter structuring.

Findings

Dark matter consists of familons with hot and cold components.

Dark matter structuration involves late-time relativistic phase transitions.

Three particle generations are necessary for dark matter formation.

Abstract

If the next fundamental level of matter occurs (preons) then dark matter must consist of familons containing a "hot" component from massless particles and a "cold" component from massive particles. During evolution of the Universe this dark matter was undergone to late-time relativistic phase transitions temperatures of which were different. Fluctuations created by these phase transitions have had a fractal character. In the result the structurization of dark matter (and therefore the baryon subsystem) has taken place and in the Universe some characteristic scales which have printed this phenomenon arise naturally. Familons are collective excitations of nonperturbative preon condensates which could be produced during more early relativistic phase transition. For structurization of dark matter (and baryon component) three generations of particles are necessary. The first generation of particles has produced the observed baryon world. The second and third generations have produced dark matter from particles which have appeared when symmetry among generations was spontaneously broken.