Information is Not Lost in the Evaporation of 2-dimensional Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that in the quantum geometric analysis of 2D black hole evaporation, information is preserved and fully released at future infinity, challenging the notion of information loss.

Contribution

It provides a quantum geometry perspective showing that information is not lost during black hole evaporation, with a detailed analysis of the quantum space-time structure.

Findings

Future null infinity is sufficiently long for information to escape.

The evolved state at future infinity is pure and has finite norm.

All information is released at future infinity, with no remnants.

Abstract

We analyze Hawking evaporation of the Callen-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger (CGHS) black holes from a quantum geometry perspective and show that information is not lost, primarily because the quantum space-time is sufficiently larger than the classical. Using suitable approximations to extract physics from quantum space-times we establish that: i)future null infinity of the quantum space-time is sufficiently long for the the past vacuum to evolve to a pure state in the future; ii) this state has a finite norm in the future Fock space; and iii) all the information comes out at future infinity; there are no remnants.