Orbits in corotating and counterrotating double bars

TL;DR

This paper investigates the orbital structures within double-barred galaxies, focusing on how double-frequency orbits and loops determine the bars' shape, size, and dynamic behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of orbit types and their role in shaping the morphology and dynamics of double-barred galaxy systems.

Findings

Double-frequency orbits underpin the structure of double bars.

Loops effectively map the extent and shape of the bars.

Orbital analysis reveals key dynamical features of double bars.

Abstract

The backbone of double bars is made out of double-frequency orbits, and loops, their maps, indicate the bars' extent, morphology and dynamics.