The importance of magnetic-field-oriented thermal conduction in the interaction of SNR shocks with interstellar clouds

TL;DR

This study investigates how magnetic-field-oriented thermal conduction affects the interaction between supernova remnant shocks and interstellar clouds, revealing its role in cloud heating, stability, and mass exchange through 2.5D MHD simulations.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the impact of magnetic field orientation on thermal conduction efficiency and cloud evolution during shock interactions.

Findings

Thermal conduction efficiency is reduced in magnetized environments, especially depending on magnetic field orientation.

Magnetic-field-oriented conduction suppresses hydrodynamic instabilities and cloud fragmentation.

Heat conduction influences cloud heating and evaporation, affecting thermal instability development.

Abstract

We explore the importance of magnetic-field-oriented thermal conduction in the interaction of supernova remnant (SNR) shocks with radiative gas clouds and in determining the mass and energy exchange between the clouds and the hot surrounding medium. We perform 2.5D MHD simulations of a shock impacting on an isolated gas cloud, including anisotropic thermal conduction and radiative cooling; we consider the representative case of a Mach 50 shock impacting on a cloud ten-fold denser than the ambient medium. We consider different configurations of the ambient magnetic field and compare MHD models with or without the thermal conduction. The efficiency of the thermal conduction in the presence of magnetic field is, in general, reduced with respect to the unmagnetized case. The reduction factor strongly depends on the initial magnetic field orientation, and it is minimum when the magnetic field is initially aligned with the direction of shock propagation. The thermal conduction contributes to suppress hydrodynamic instabilities, reducing the mass mixing of the cloud and preserving the cloud from complete fragmentation. Depending on the magnetic field orientation, the heat conduction may determine a significant energy exchange between the cloud and the hot surrounding medium which, while remaining always at levels less than those in the unmagnetized case, leads to a progressive heating and evaporation of the cloud. This additional heating may contrast the radiative cooling of some parts of the cloud, preventing the onset of thermal instabilities.