Cosmology with New Astrophysical Constants

TL;DR

This paper proposes two cosmological solutions derived from Einstein's equations, introducing new constants and relations, and links these to observable phenomena like the Pioneer anomaly and cosmic inflation.

Contribution

It introduces a second cosmological solution from a cosmic perspective, identifying new constants and relations, and connects these to observable cosmic acceleration and inflation.

Findings

Validation of Weinberg relation

Proportionality of c and Hubble parameter

Explanation of Pioneer anomaly

Abstract

It is shown that Einstein field equations give two solutions for cosmology. The first one is the standard well known representative of the present status of cosmology. We identify it with the local point of view of a flat Universe with the values for the cosmological omega parameters (k = 0, lambda = 2/3, m = 1/3). The second one is a new one that we identify with a cosmic point of view, as given by free photons, neutrinos, tachyons and gravity quanta. We apply a wave to particle technique to find the matter propagation equation. Then we prove that all gravitational radii are constant, regardless of the possible time variations of the physical properties like the speed of light c, the gravitational constant G or the mass m of fundamental particles. We find two cosmological constants, c^3 /G and mc, with the condition that the field equations be derived from the action principle. With this result, and the integration of the Bianchi identity, we prove the existence of the two solutions for cosmology. We then validate Weinberg relation and prove that the speed of light c is proportional to the Hubble parameter H, a cosmological view. Thus, the cosmic observer (free photons and the like) are found to see accelerated photons with a numerical value that has been observed as an anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer 10/11 spacecrafts. An initial inflation is present which converts the Planck size into the present size of the Universe in about 140 initial tic-tac.