Dimensionless Measures of Turbulent Magnetohydrodynamic Dissipation Rates

TL;DR

This paper introduces an effective magnetic dissipation number, R_{M,e}, to quantify magnetic energy dissipation in turbulent magnetohydrodynamic flows, revealing faster dissipation rates than in laminar flows and less dependence on microphysical reconnection rates.

Contribution

The paper generalizes magnetic Reynolds number to include turbulent spectra, defining R_{M,e} and distinguishing it from other measures, to better understand magnetic dissipation in turbulence.

Findings

R_{M,e} is approximately 1 in turbulent flows, regardless of R_M.

Energy dissipation in turbulence occurs faster than in laminar flows.

Dissipation rates are less sensitive to microphysical reconnection in turbulence.

Abstract

The magnetic Reynolds number R_M, is defined as the product of a characteristic scale and associated flow speed divided by the microphysical magnetic diffusivity. For laminar flows, R_M also approximates the ratio of advective to dissipative terms in the total magnetic energy equation, but for turbulent flows this latter ratio depends on the energy spectra and approaches unity in a steady state. To generalize for flows of arbitrary spectra we define an effective magnetic dissipation number, R_{M,e}, as the ratio of the advection to microphysical dissipation terms in the total magnetic energy equation, incorporating the full spectrum of scales, arbitrary magnetic Prandtl numbers, and distinct pairs of inner and outer scales for magnetic and kinetic spectra. As expected, for a substantial parameter range R_{M,e}\sim {O}(1) << R_M. We also distinguish R_{M,e} from {\tilde R}_{M,e} where the latter is an effective magnetic Reynolds number for the mean magnetic field equation when a turbulent diffusivity is explicitly imposed as a closure. That R_{M,e} and {\tilde R}_{M,e} approach unity even if R_M>>1 highlights that, just as in hydrodynamic turbulence,energy dissipation of large scale structures in turbulent flows via a cascade can be much faster than the dissipation of large scale structures in laminar flows. This illustrates that the rate of energy dissipation by magnetic reconnection is much faster in turbulent flows, and much less sensitive to microphysical reconnection rates compared to laminar flows.