Cosmology of gravitational vacuum

TL;DR

This paper explores how gravitational vacuum defects formed during the Universe's creation could contribute to dark energy and dark matter, using the Wheeler-De Witt equation and topological defect models.

Contribution

It introduces a phenomenological approach linking vacuum topological defects to cosmological phenomena via parametrization noninvariance of quantum gravity equations.

Findings

Topological defects could account for dark energy and dark matter.

Vacuum defects are smoothed and broken up after inflation.

Lorentz-invariance breaking may relate to defect formation.

Abstract

Production of gravitational vacuum defects and their contribution to the energy density of our Universe are discussed. These topological microstructures (defects) could be produced in the result of creation of the Universe from "nothing" when a gravitational vacuum condensate has appeared. They must be isotropically distributed over the isotropic expanding Universe. After Universe inflation these microdefects are smoothed, stretched and broken up. A part of them could survive and now they are perceived as the structures of Lambda-term and an unclustered dark matter. It is shown that the parametrization noninvariance of the Wheeler-De Witt equation can be used to describe phenomenologically vacuum topological defects of different dimensions (worm-holes, micromembranes, microstrings and monopoles). The mathematical illustration of these processes may be the spontaneous breaking of the local Lorentz-invariance of the quasi-classical equations of gravity. Probably the gravitational vacuum condensate has fixed time in our Universe. Besides, 3-dimensional topological defects renormalize Lambda-term.