Dark energy due to effective quantum field theory

TL;DR

This paper proposes a model where dark energy arises from an effective quantum field theory with UV and IR scales linked to the cosmological horizon, leading to a decaying energy density and negative pressure.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach connecting quantum field theory with cosmological horizon scales to explain dark energy behavior.

Findings

Dark energy density decays linearly with time.

Dark energy exhibits negative pressure only recently.

The model links UV-IR scales to dark energy properties.

Abstract

In the cosmological context an effective quantum field theory describing the behavior of visible matter in the universe is characterized with its inherent UV cutoff and also with an IR scale that is set by the cosmological (particle) horizon. This UV - IR relation naturally defines a space-time grid over a horizon scale. Using the approach for determining of dark energy through the space-time uncertainty relation versus such a space-time grid, we estimate the energy density and pressure of a dark energy defined by this UV - IR relation. Such a dark energy shows up to decay linearly with time and exhibits a negative pressure only recently.