Fermions out of Dipolar Bosons in the lowest Landau level

TL;DR

This paper explores the quantum Hall states of dipolar bosons in the lowest Landau level, revealing a Moore-Read state at filling factor one, a stripe phase when s-wave interactions are weak, and a Fermi sea of composite fermions at one-third filling.

Contribution

It demonstrates the emergence of Moore-Read, stripe, and composite fermion Fermi sea phases in dipolar bosons under rapid rotation, extending understanding of quantum Hall states in these systems.

Findings

Moore-Read (Pfaffian) state at filling factor one.

Stripe phase with density modulation when s-wave interactions are weak.

Fermi sea of composite fermions at filling factor 1/3.

Abstract

In the limit of very fast rotation atomic Bose-Einstein condensates may reside entirely in the lowest two-dimensional Landau level (LLL). For small enough filling factor of the LLL, one may have formation of fractional quantum Hall states. We investigate the case of bosons with dipolar interactions as may be realized with Chromium-52 atoms. We show that at filling factor equal to unity the ground state is a Moore-Read (a.k.a Pfaffian) paired state as is the case of bosons with purely s-wave scattering interactions. This Pfaffian state is destabilized when the interaction in the s-wave channel is small enough and the ground state is a stripe phase with unidimensional density modulation. For filling factor 1/3, we show that there is formation of a Fermi sea of ``composite fermions''. These composites are made of one boson bound with three vortices. This phase has a wide range of stability and the effective mass of the fermions depends essentially only of the scattering amplitude in momentum channels larger or equal to 2. The formation of such a Fermi sea opens up a new possible route to detection of the quantum Hall correlations.