Habitable Planet Formation in Extreme Planetary Systems: Systems with Multiple Stars and/or Multiple Planets

TL;DR

This paper investigates the formation and stability of Earth-like habitable planets in complex systems with multiple stars and/or giant planets, analyzing their dynamical environments and potential for supporting life.

Contribution

It provides a systematic analysis of habitable planet formation in extreme systems, including multiple giant planets and binary stars, extending current theories to these challenging environments.

Findings

Earth-like planets can form and remain stable in certain regions of multiple star systems.

Dynamical interactions with giant planets significantly influence habitable zone stability.

Specific parameter ranges allow for long-term stable Earth-like orbits in binary systems.

Abstract

Understanding the formation and dynamical evolution of habitable planets in extrasolar planetary systems is a challenging task. In this respect, systems with multiple giant planets and/or multiple stars present special complications. The formation of habitable planets in these environments is strongly affected by the dynamics of their giant planets and/or their stellar companions. These objects have profound effects on the structure of the disk of planetesimals and protoplanetary objects in which terrestrial-class planets are formed. To what extent the current theories of planet formation can be applied to such "extreme" planetary systems depends on the dynamical characteristics of their planets and/or their binary stars. In this paper, I present the results of a study of the possibility of the existence of Earth-like objects in systems with multiple giant planets (namely Upsilon Andromedae, 47 UMa, GJ 876, and 55 Cnc) and discuss the dynamics of the newly discovered Neptune-size object in 55 Cnc system. I will also review habitable planet formation in binary systems and present the results of a systematic search of the parameter-space for which Earth-like objects can form and maintain long-term stable orbits in the habitable zones of binary stars.