Saturation of Transverse Energy per Charged Hadron and Freeze-Out Criteria in Heavy-Ion Collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the saturation of transverse energy per charged particle in heavy-ion collisions across different energies and links it to the freeze-out condition in the hadronic resonance gas model, providing insights into the collision dynamics.

Contribution

It establishes a direct connection between the observed saturation value and the freeze-out criterion, enhancing understanding of collision freeze-out conditions.

Findings

Transverse energy per charged particle saturates at ~0.8 GeV from SPS to RHIC energies.

The saturation value is linked to the freeze-out criterion of E/N ≈ 1 GeV.

Provides a theoretical explanation for the observed saturation in heavy-ion collisions.

Abstract

For beam energies from SPS to RHIC, the transverse energy per charged particle, $E_T/N_{\textrm{ch}}$, saturates at a value of approximately 0.8 GeV. A direct connection between this value and the freeze-out criterium $E/N \approx 1$ GeV for the primordial energy and particle number in the hadronic resonance gas model is established.