Vacuum Modified Gravity as an explanation for flat galaxy rotation curves

TL;DR

This paper introduces a vacuum modified gravity theory that explains flat galaxy rotation curves and cosmic phenomena without dark matter, based on vacuum energy density and pressure, offering testable predictions and a relativistic extension.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel gravity theory derived from vacuum energy principles that accounts for galaxy rotation curves and cosmic acceleration without dark matter.

Findings

Explains flat galaxy rotation curves without dark matter.

Derives the Tully-Fisher relation from vacuum properties.

Accounts for Pioneer anomaly and universe acceleration.

Abstract

A theory is proposed which allows explaining the observed flat galaxy rotation curves, without needing to invoke dark matter. Whereas other theories have been proposed in the past which realize the same, the present theory rests on basic physical principles, in contrast to for instance the MOND theory. The key to arrive at this new theory is to consider from the start the energy density of the vacuum. The way to calculate the effect of the corresponding vacuum pressure on a mass has previously been laid down by Van Nieuwenhove (1992). We obtain a modification of Newton's law of gravitation with some peculiar properties such as the occurrence of regions of repulsive gravity. Based on a newly derived equation of state of the vacuum, the Tully-Fisher relation is derived. The theory can make detailed predictions about galaxy rotation curves and is also able to explain to the Pioneer anomaly, the foamy distribution of galaxies and the observed accelerated expansion of the universe. A relativistic extension of the theory is included as well.