Jets in coronal holes: Hinode observations and 3D computer modelling

TL;DR

This study combines high-resolution Hinode observations with 3D numerical modeling to understand the formation and dynamics of jets in coronal holes, revealing the magnetic reconnection processes and plasma properties involved.

Contribution

It presents the first detailed 3D numerical simulation of flux emergence in coronal holes that matches Hinode observations of jet events, linking magnetic topology to jet formation.

Findings

Jets are launched along open reconnected magnetic field lines.

The plasma properties in simulations agree with Hinode observations.

Reconnection leads to a split-vault structure and horizontal drift.

Abstract

Recent observations of coronal hole areas with the XRT and EIS instruments onboard the Hinode satellite have shown with unprecedented detail the launching of fast, hot jets away from the solar surface. In some cases these events coincide with episodes of flux emergence from beneath the photosphere. In this letter we show results of a 3D numerical experiment of flux emergence from the solar interior into a coronal hole and compare them with simultaneous XRT and EIS observations of a jet-launching event that accompanied the appearance of a bipolar region in MDI magnetograms. The magnetic skeleton and topology that result in the experiment bear a strong resemblance to linear force-fee extrapolations of the SOHO/MDI magnetograms. A thin current sheet is formed at the boundary of the emerging plasma. A jet is launched upward along the open reconnected field lines with values of temperature, density and velocity in agreement with the XRT and EIS observations. Below the jet, a split-vault structure results with two chambers: a shrinking one containing the emerged field loops and a growing one with loops produced by the reconnection. The ongoing reconnection leads to a horizontal drift of the vault-and-jet structure. The timescales, velocities, and other plasma properties in the experiment are consistent with recent statistical studies of this type of events made with Hinode data.