Theory of Operation of Direct String Magnetic Gradiometer with Proportional and Integral Feedback

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the Direct String Magnetic Gradiometer (DSMG), detailing its operation, measurable quantities, and error budget, based on physical parameters and experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed quantitative theory of DSMG operation, linking physical parameters to measurable quantities and enabling error analysis for optimization.

Findings

Quantitative model of DSMG operation

Analysis of error sources and budget

Framework for experimental validation

Abstract

A quantitative theory of operation of a novel device, namely Direct String Magnetic Gradiometer (DSMG), is presented. The paper provides a detailed analysis of DSMG basic functions and measured quantities, represented in terms of physical parameters that are known either a priori or can be experimentally determined. It leaves a reasonable degree of freedom to further investigate some of the finer detail of this new instrument based on experimental results coming both from the laboratory environment and from field trials. The analysis also allows us to quantitatively evaluate the error budget for an optimised DSMG.