Design, construction and tests of a 3 GHz proton linac booster (LIBO) for cancer therapy

TL;DR

This paper presents the design, construction, and successful testing of a 3 GHz proton linear accelerator booster (LIBO) for cancer therapy, enabling low-cost deep-tumor treatment using existing cyclotrons.

Contribution

It introduces a novel RF compact proton linac booster for deep-seated tumor therapy, with successful prototype testing and potential for clinical application.

Findings

Prototype successfully tested at CERN and INFN LNS

Able to boost proton energy up to 200 MeV

Potential to transform existing cyclotrons for deep-tumor treatment

Abstract

In the last ten years the use of proton beams in radiation therapy has become a clinical tool for treatment of deep-seated tumours. LIBO is a RF compact and low cost proton linear accelerator (SCL type) for hadrontherapy. It is conceived by TERA Foundation as a 3 GHz Linac Booster, to be mounted downstream of an existing cyclotron in order to boost the energy of the proton beam up to 200 MeV, needed for deep treatment (~25 cm) in the human body. With this solution it is possible to transform a low energy commercial cyclotron, normally used for eye melanoma therapy, isotope production and nuclear physics research, into an accelerator for deep-seated tumours. A prototype module of LIBO has been built and successfully tested with full RF power at CERN and with proton beam at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, within an international collaboration between TERA Foundation, CERN, the Universities and INFN groups of Milan and Naples. The mid-term aim of the project is the technology transfer of the accumulated know-how to a consortium of companies and to bring this novel medical tool to hospitals. The design, construction and tests of the LIBO prototype are described in detail.