Mobile $\pi-$kinks and half-integer zero-field-like steps in highly discrete alternating $0-\pi$ Josephson junction arrays

TL;DR

This paper numerically investigates the dynamics of highly discrete alternating 0-π Josephson junction arrays, revealing half-integer and integer zero-field-like steps due to kink excitations and fractionalization phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed numerical analysis of zero-field steps in 0-π Josephson arrays, highlighting the role of kink excitations and fractionalization in step formation.

Findings

Half-integer and integer zero-field-like steps observed.

Single π-kinks support the 1/2-step, pair excitations support the 1-step.

Fractionalization of 2π-kinks into π-kinks leads to higher steps.

Abstract

The dynamics of a one-dimensional, highly discrete, linear array of alternating $0-$ and $\pi-$ Josephson junctions is studied numerically, under constant bias current at zero magnetic field. The calculated current - voltage characteristics exhibit half-integer and integer zero-field-like steps for even and odd total number of junctions, respectively. Inspection of the instantaneous phases reveals that, in the former case, single $\pi-$kink excitations (discrete semi-fluxons) are supported, whose propagation in the array gives rise to the $1/2-$step, while in the latter case, a pair of $\pi-$kink -- $\pi-$antikink appears, whose propagation gives rise to the $1-$step. When additional $2\pi-$kinks are inserted in the array, they are subjected to fractionalization, transforming themselves into two closely spaced $\pi-$kinks. As they propagate in the array along with the single $\pi-$kink or the $\pi-$kink - $\pi-$antikink pair, they give rise to higher half-integer or integer zero-field-like steps, respectively.