Hierarchical pinning models, quadratic maps and quenched disorder

TL;DR

This paper analyzes a hierarchical polymer pinning model with quenched disorder, proving conjectures about disorder relevance depending on a geometric parameter, and identifying the critical scaling behavior for weak disorder.

Contribution

It provides a rigorous proof of the disorder relevance conjectures for the hierarchical pinning model, excluding the marginal case alpha=1/2, and determines the critical point shift scaling.

Findings

Disorder is relevant for alpha>1/2, changing the critical point.

Disorder is irrelevant for alpha<1/2, not affecting the critical point.

The correct scaling form of the critical point shift is identified for weak disorder.

Abstract

We consider a hierarchical model of polymer pinning in presence of quenched disorder, introduced by B. Derrida, V. Hakim and J. Vannimenius in 1992, which can be re-interpreted as an infinite dimensional dynamical system with random initial condition (the disorder). It is defined through a recurrence relation for the law of a random variable {R_n}_{n=1,2,...}, which in absence of disorder (i.e., when the initial condition is degenerate) reduces to a particular case of the well-known Logistic Map. The large-n limit of the sequence of random variables 2^{-n} log R_n, a non-random quantity which is naturally interpreted as a free energy, plays a central role in our analysis. The model depends on a parameter alpha>0, related to the geometry of the hierarchical lattice, and has a phase transition in the sense that the free energy is positive if the expectation of R_0 is larger than a certain threshold value, and it is zero otherwise. It was conjectured by Derrida et al. (1992) that disorder is relevant (respectively, irrelevant or marginally relevant) if 1/2<alpha<1 (respectively, alpha<1/2 or alpha=1/2), in the sense that an arbitrarily small amount of randomness in the initial condition modifies the critical point with respect to that of the pure (i.e., non-disordered) model if alpha is larger or equal to 1/2, but not if alpha is smaller than 1/2. Our main result is a proof of these conjectures for the case alpha different from 1/2. We emphasize that for alpha>1/2 we find the correct scaling form (for weak disorder) of the critical point shift.