Emergent Universe in Brane World Scenario with Schwarzschild-de Sitter Bulk

TL;DR

This paper presents a brane world model with a Schwarzschild-de Sitter bulk that demonstrates an emergent universe scenario driven by a positive bulk cosmological constant and a radiation-like brane fluid.

Contribution

It introduces a novel brane world model with a specific bulk and brane energy configuration that realizes an emergent universe without initial singularity.

Findings

Emergent universe solution exists with positive bulk cosmological constant.

The brane fluid behaves like radiation at high energies.

Model avoids initial singularity, providing a non-singular cosmological scenario.

Abstract

A model of an emergent universe is obtained in brane world. Here the bulk energy is in the form of cosmological constant, while the brane consists of a fluid satisfying an equation of state of the form $p_{b}={1/3} \rho_{b}$, which is effectively a radiation equation of state at high energies. It is shown that with the positive bulk cosmological constant, one of our models represents an emergent universe.