Nonequilibrium effective vector potential due to pseudospin exchange in graphene

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that out-of-equilibrium exchange interactions in graphene create a fictitious vector potential, significantly affecting interference and Hall measurements, with detailed predictions highlighting the pseudospin exchange enhancement.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of a nonequilibrium effective vector potential arising from pseudospin exchange in graphene, a novel effect not previously characterized.

Findings

Exchange interactions generate a fictitious vector potential in graphene.

The effect influences interference and Hall measurement signatures.

Predictions show enhancement of the effect due to pseudospin exchange.

Abstract

We show that exchange interactions in two-dimensional electron gases out of equilibrium can generate a fictitious vector potential with intriguing signatures in interference and Hall measurements. Detailed predictions are made for graphene, where the effect is enhanced by pseudospin exchange.