Radio spectrum evolution and magnetic field in extreme GPS radio sources. The case of RXJ1459+3337

TL;DR

This study investigates the evolution of the radio spectrum and magnetic field in the extreme GPS source RXJ1459+3337, revealing flux variability, source expansion, and magnetic field estimates consistent with equipartition, shedding light on early radio source development.

Contribution

The paper provides detailed multi-frequency radio and X-ray analysis of RXJ1459+3337, offering new insights into its spectral evolution, size, and magnetic field, advancing understanding of young radio source physics.

Findings

Flux-density in the optically-thick spectrum is increasing.

Turnover frequency is decreasing over time.

Magnetic field estimates agree with equipartition assumptions.

Abstract

Aims: The knowledge of the properties of the youngest radio sources is very important in order to trace the earliest phase of the evolution of the radio emission. RXJ1459+3337, with its high turnover frequency (~25 GHz) provides a unique opportunity to study this class of extreme objects. Methods: High-sensitivity multi-frequency VLA observations have been carried out to measure the flux-density with high accuracy, while multi-frequency VLBA observations were performed, aimed at determining the pc-scale structure. Archival ROSAT data have been used to infer the X-ray luminosity. Results: The comparison between our new VLA data and those available in the literature shows a steady increment of the flux-density in the optically-thick part of the spectrum and a decrement of the turnover frequency. In the optically-thin regime, the source flux density has already started to decrease. Such a variability can be explained in terms of an adiabatically-expanding homogeneous radio component. The frequency range spanned by our VLBA observations, together with the resolution achieved, allows us to determine the source size and the turnover frequency, and then to derive the magnetic field directly from these observable quantities. The value obtained in this way is in good agreement with that computed assuming equipartition condition. A similar value is also obtained by comparing the radio and X-ray luminosities.