Relativistic corrections to the static potential at O(1/m) and O(1/m^2)

TL;DR

This paper computes relativistic corrections to the static potential in SU(3) lattice gauge theory, revealing significant nonperturbative effects at long distances, which are crucial for understanding heavy quarkonium in potential nonrelativistic QCD.

Contribution

It provides the first high-precision lattice calculation of O(1/m) and O(1/m^2) potentials, including nonperturbative long-range contributions.

Findings

Clean signals of relativistic potentials up to 0.9 fm

Observation of long-range nonperturbative effects

Implications for heavy quarkonium modeling

Abstract

We investigate the relativistic corrections to the static potential, i.e. the O(1/m) potential and the O(1/m^2) velocity-dependent potentials, in SU(3) lattice gauge theory. They are important ingredients of potential nonrelativistic QCD for heavy quarkonium. Utilizing the multi-level algorithm, we obtain remarkably clean signals of these potentials up to r=0.9 fm. We observe long range nonperturbative contributions to these corrections.